Uruguay 1856-1857

 1856, October 1. DILIGENCIAS Type 1 (Sol de Mayo). Printed by Mege and Willems in Montevideo using the lithographic system on a 7 x 5 stamp imperforate plate (35 types) on medium white paper. 

They were used only for internal postage in the country and their cancellation was done

exclusively with a pen.

Pulled from circulation December 1859

1856 originals

NOTE

All genuinely used stamps bear pen cancels. Any stamps with cancellations other than pen cancels are most likely forgeries. Only a few extremely rare genuine stamps were accidentally canceled with a 'normal' canceling device during the first days of usage.

A very rare second printing of the 60 c (larger letters and less rays around the sun, 67 instead of 105)

Forgeries

These are forged in great numbers

The 60c has at least 12 variations of the first type and 3 of the 2nd

The 80c has 4

The 1r has 5

60c Forgeries

Hoffmann Type A

60 too far left

Face very different

Found in all 3 values with diffrent face

Hoffmann Type C

Letters much thicker than genuine

Face is very different

Hoffmann Type D

The S of CENTAVOS is slanting and the E of DILIGENCIA is too thick in the vertical

Hoffman Type E

The C of DILIGENCIA is too narrow, there  is a dot in front of the 60

Hoffman Type  F

Somewhat dangerous forgery

Slanted S

60 too far left

Hoffmann Type G

Face different

60 too far left

Letters thicker

Primitive overinked forgery

Letters uneven

Semf forgeries

Left facsimile erased

Unknown

Thin letters

Slanting letters

All the rays same length

Unknown forger

Side spandrels made of double dashes

S too far right

Eyes looking to side

Unknown forger

Spandrels are wavy

Right one is from Fournier album

Modern forgeries

Overinked

Possibly Torres forgeries

Oneglia Forgeries

Typical large bar cancel found on  other countries

Fournier Forgeries

Hoffmann B

Hoffmann C

80c full sheet from unknown Fournier supplier

Possibly Berhmann or Mercier

1r full sheet from unknown Fournier supplier

Sperati Forgeries

Redrawn - Type A There is an extra stamp frameline at top right side

Type A There is a white line in the background joining the left of the D to the white frameline above

Type B The lower part of the left frameline is broken away

(blackprint and normal stamp) of the type II of the 60 c value

Type B The outer frameline is broken over the IG of DILIGENCIA

Type B

Type A There is a diagonal flaw above and between the RE of REA

Type D There is a dot in the upright of the D of DILIGENCIA

References

- Uruguay Revista newsletter 1917

- Uruguay Ciardi catalog 2006

- Fa;sifications Sellos Uruguay - Robert Hoffmann 1948

- Uruguay Plating 118 pages

- Uruguay Sperati Forgeries 

- Upugoay Filatelico

- Uruguat Essays, Proofs & Reprints -  Héctor L. Volpe

 1917

- Uruguay - Klaseboer 2022

- SA Forums

Japan 1919 Air Flight

  The Japanese Post Office was state-of-the-art during World War I. 

The era of air mail also began at this time. Before a regular airmail service could be started, it had a little experimentation. 

Anyway, this first experimental flight from Tokyo to Osaka and back made a big fuss. It wasn't just postcards about this one memorable event that were printed and special cancellation issued, but the definitive stamps at 1½ sen (postage postcard domestic) and 3 sen (domestic letter) were specially made for the postal flight in a small edition (1½ sen: 50,000 pieces, 3 sen: 30,000 pieces)

issued with the silhouette of a biplane overprinted. The blue 1½ sen stamp was overprinted in red, the one on the red 3 sen stamp in indigo.

These overprint stamps went on sale on October 3rd and were exclusively for the franking of letters or cards of this mail flight; moreover, they lost their validity at the end of the month.

Genuine issues and special cancel

Genuine Features

1. Deep Indent

2. Eyelet (not easy to see on blue stamp with red ovpt.)

3. Eyelet

4. Tail rudder made up of 5 distict sections

5. Wide pilot seat area with white dot sometimes visible

6. Eyelet

7. Rounded precise corners

8. Visible wing struts

Fakes

 4 section tail

No eyelets

Struts are dashes

No eyelets

Wing tip angles converge

Common fake invert pair

Plane and wigs are crude

It sold on eBay for large amount

Faks with postal cancels

Wing tips angle wrong

Sold online for $800

Wing tip angles and plane color wrong

Wing frame too large and wrong color

Plane position very wrong

Wing tips eounded

Planes too steep angle and wrong position 

Tail has only three instead of five elements

Plane positions wrung

Wing tip angles converge

Very good fakes

Wing tip angles wrong

US Locals - Broad-Way P.O.

 Founded in 1848 byJames C. Harriot, this post was purchased by Beryamin Lockwood and Joseph E. Dunham around 1854. Lockwood, who owned several posts at the time, continued the post until it closed around 1860.

The Broadway post office issued two different stamps of the same design. The first were printed in gold on black glazed paper; these are the most scarce of the two stamps. The next stamps issued were printed in black on white paper.

Genuine issues

Key features

The dash between "POST" and "OFFICE" has a dot on each end

A swirl of dust, consisting of fine lines arrayed in a whorl, rises from the track behind the

locomotive

There is a small puff of steam from the whistle spout.

The "S" of "POST" is ;lower than the other letters

The 2nd "F"of "OFFICE" appears to lean slightly forwards

Forgeries

Forgeries of the first issue are rare, the following are attributed to Scott & Taylor

George Hussey's forgeries of the "Broadway Post Office" stamps are known in two styles, listed as Forgery A and Forgery E. The main difference between the two types is the lettering "BROAD-WAY" clearly being lower in the first Forgery A

Forgery A

There is no steam puff coming from the whistle spout.

The dash between "POST" and "OFFICE" has no dot on each end

There is a white space in the cowcatcher.

There are no whorls  of smoke or of dust behind the locomotive

The engineers left shoulder is high and  clearly visible

Forgery E

The puff of steam coming from the whistle spout is outlined.

The double lettered "P" in "POST" touches the inne1 frame line.

The engineer's right hand is lower on the throttle than in forgery A.

The bumper at the front of the locomotive is longer than in forgery A.

There are six short horizonal lines in the cowcatcher

A partial sheet of E forgeries

Forgery B Taylor

Found in the usual Taylor bogus colors

The engineer is wearing a flat topped hat.

The dash between the "T" of "POST' and the "O" of "OFFICE" has a large dot over it

There is a short bumper at the front or the locomotive

Heavy smoke between "O" & "A" and large space between letters

Forgery C Scott

There is a strong puff of smoke from the whistle spout

The smoke from the locomotive goes hack in fairly straight lines

The lines of shading are very heavy

Forgery D Unknown

Very crude forgery

No shading lines in background

There is only a single frame line around the stamp

The stamp is in a square frame

Forgery F Unknown

Very crude design

A checkered locomotive There is no railing around the engineer. There is a lot or smoke from the whistle spout.

Forgery G Moens

The engineer is unshaded.

Lower letters touch the frame line

The boiler chamber on the engine is unshaded

Unknown Forgery

Short top letters with "R" top cut off

Background of dots & dashes

Engineer heavily shaded

Warning

The eBay seller "Momen" (Mustafa Momen) has many high value CSA, US & locals in blocks for sale. He was until 2014 a registered dealer.

More about him here,

https://www.trishkaufmann.com/ebay

He uses PF certificates dating back to the early 1990s and generally has no offers on these blocks. Note that the following block he sells does not match his certificate.