US CSA #2 & #5

 CSA # 2

The 10¢ blue lithograph was designed by Charles Ludwig of Hoyer & Ludwig, Richmond, Virginia. 

Both Hoyer & Ludwig and J. T. Paterson & Co. of Augusta, Georgia, printed this design.

Marks added by Paterson to the transfer stones distinguish it from the Hoyer & Ludwig prints

Hoyer & Ludwig printed 1,400,000 copies.

Paterson  printed an estimated 4,918,000 copies with several distinct color variations.

Hoyer & Ludwig

Paterson

Light blue Hoyer & Ludwig

Printing Differences

Hoyer has no crossbar on the A of States, Paterson does

On the Paterson the N of CONFEDERATE is visibly connected to the frame by a curved line

The Paterson has a small dash at the end of the upper left value tablet (see arrow)

The Paterson printing is of poorer quality

NOTE - There is a 3rd type (10¢ Blue - Stone Y)

It is less common and of very poor quality almost primitive printing

Forgeries

'Springfield" forgeries produced in the 1930's by the Tatham Stamp Co. (mottled appearance)  and in 1941 by H.E. MacIntosh.

These are probably the closest to the original.

Upham forgery

Samuel C. Upham, a seller of patent medicines in Philadelphia. 

Very prolific and started in 1862. 

His reported purpose was to hinder the sale and assets of the confederacy

A  modern  replica sold in blocks or sheetlets

A cutout  from a period Scott catalog.

Found in a variety of colors.

Torres forgery

He found a very eager market in Europe and later the US for his creations.

The left stamp is compared to his 1896 catalog impression.

These forgeries are basically identical to the above Torres

However they are attributed to S. Taylor.

Perhaps a connection between the 2 since Torres spent time in America selling his "stamps".

3 very crude forgeries of unknown origin

CSA # 5

1862 - Lithographed by Hoyer & Ludwig, Richmond, Virginia, in rose or carmine on white wove paper, thick and porous; with colorless gum.

The same transfer stone used for the Hoyer & Ludwig printings of the ten cent blue was used for producing the ten cent rose stamps.

Genuine stamp

Forgeries

Upham Forgery

Scott Album Cutout

Unknown source, possibly S. Taylor

Crude Forgery source unknown

Crude Forgery source unknown

Sperati forgery - Original left, Sperati right

This is the most dangerous but relatively rare.

1. In the forgery, the top right "10" has a short "1" that is aligned to top of "0" rather than to bottom

2. The "1" of lower left "10" has a flaw at foot and there is a white spot below and to the right of the "0"