Features of the genuine stamps
1. Corner elements are very fine and do not touch the outer frame
2. None of the letters touch the frames
3. Note the shape & size of the cross and ball.
4. Clear space in ring of crown
5. 18 vertical lines in the shield
6. Middle leg of E much shorter.
7. Crowns have 3 diamond rings visible
8. Middle leg of F much shorter.
9. Central vein in each feather.
10. Note distance from frame
11. NOTE the corner perfs are a comb type, forgeries will generally be line perfed
Genuine stamps
Mi 9, 10a, 11 |
Mi 12, 13, 14 |
Mi 15, 16, 17 |
Mi 18, 19b, 20 |
Mi 21, 22b, 23 |
Mi 24, 25a |
Forgeries
Mi 91 Lower leg of E is longer
2 Face & crown very different
3 Tip is closer to the frame
4 Heavily broken horizontal lines
5 Z middle bar is more inclined and bottom is longer than the top
1 Bottom leg of E is longer
2 Face & crown are wrong
3 Small cross
4 Tail is close to the frame
5 Top of S is smaller than the bottom
2 Face & crown are wrong
3 Small cross
4 Tail is close to the frame
5 Top of S is smaller than the bottom
1 B has an extension on top
2 Crown lacks details
3 Very different shape 3
4 Broken lines
5 Thin letter
Mi 17 Torres
2 Crown lacks details
3 Very different shape 3
4 Broken lines
5 Thin letter
1 Thin curved beak
2 Narrow crown
3 Very thick letters
4 Odd corner ornaments
5 KR instead of KREUZER
Mi 17 "Fournier" forgery
1 Top of B extends outwards2 Center leg of B cut off
3 Crown details missing & right side larger than left side
4 Details in corners missing
5 Breaks and shaded areas
NOTE - although part of the Geneva Fournier collection there is no evidence that Fournier forged these stamps
1 Small cross on crown
2 Slanted E
3 Heavy shading
4 Fake cancel, circles not evenly spaced
NOTE - although part of the Geneva Fournier collection there is no evidence that Fournier forged these stamps
1 Head very different
2 Crown lacking details
3 Many breaks in lines
4 Uneven letters
5 Frame lines not distinct
2 Thin letters
3 No details in the crown
4 Crude corner elements
5 Heavy shading
2 Crown lacking details
3 Many breaks in lines
4 Uneven letters
5 Frame lines not distinct
Mi 20 forgery
1 B has an extension on top2 Thin letters
3 No details in the crown
4 Crude corner elements
5 Heavy shading
2 Large dots, many joined
3 Thin letters
Mi 21 forgery
A very crude rendition with thewrong word “FRIEMARK” in the right
frame
2 Large top of B
3 Broken frame line
4 Point and pronounced curve on 1
the shield
1 Head wrong shape
2 Crude corner elements
3 Tip touches the frame
4 Thin letters
5 Heavy shading
2 Crude corner elements
3 Tip touches the frame
4 Thin letters
5 Heavy shading
2 Wrong cross
3 Shading lines not in original
4 109 cancel does not match original and is fake
1 Poorly shaped letters
2 Uneven lines
3 Dots joined
4 Curved M
2 Uneven lines
3 Dots joined
4 Curved M
Fournier Imperf forgeries
These are from the Geneva Collection
Sperati forgeries
Type A |
Type B |
Type C |
Type D |
Type A
1. there is a white spot just to the right of the "E" on "BADEN"
2. there is a white spot before the "1" of "18"
Type B
1. there is a nick in left outer frameline above the bottom left corner square
2. there is a nick at left side of right outer frameline at level of the top right ornament
Type C
1. there are white spots on each side of the "I" of "VEREIN"
2. there is a weak spot rather than a full period after "R" of "KREUZER"
Type D
1. there is a white spot in the space between "A" and "D" of "BADEN" towards the top
2. at the foot below the "FR" of "FREIMARKEN" there are two places where the color interrupts the white space
1862 Land Post Stamps
Original stamps |
In 1859 a rural post was established in Baden to operate a service connecting rural villages which had no post-offices of their own with the nearest State Post office.
In 1862 a 1kr, 3kr, and 12kr stamps were ordered to be prepared for its use. Although the “PORTO MARKEN" indicates they were postage due, they served a dual purpose.
The stamps were not sold to the public but were used only by officers of the rural post. As such, they would be scarce were it not for the fact that in 1873 Julius Goldner (later known for unauthorized reprints) purchased the remainders consisting of 322,800 of the 1kr, 455,400 of the 3kr and 160,000 of the 12kr.
Genuine Characteristics
1. Loop faces down
2. Small dashes here
3. Loop faces up
4. Vertical line connects all 4 curls
5. 3 half circles in each ornament
6. Extending dashes as in top
7. The right serif of the M is thicker
8. Note the low position of the dash
9. The P is slightly higher than the other letters
10. Note the shape of the leaf, the slightly curved veins and they are not attached to the ornament.
The leaves are a key problem area with forgeries.
Note that with these stamps, being printed off center is a common trait.
Forgeries
The Land Post forgeries are very plentiful especially the 12 value
The main differences are the leaves and serifs.
The last 2 are from Torres and Winter
Addendum
Fournier sheets he sold
References
Germany States - Muller 1933
Germany States - Hugo Krötzsch 1896
Germany States - Poole 1891
Klaseboer Forgery CD 2019
Germany States Forgeries - Hermann Schloss 1930
Germany States GPS Forgeries
Album Weeds Earee
Timbrex - Schloss 1944
Seranne Forgeries
Early Forged Stamps - Pemberton
Forged Stamps All Countries - Dorn
Fakes & Forgeries of Germany & Colonies - Germany Philatelic Society Inc, 1966
Various Billigs catalogs - 1930's
Forgeries Old and New - A. Johnson
Distinguishing Characteristics of Classic Stamps - SCHLOSS Hermann
Michel Specialized Germany - 2016
Images from personal collection, public auction sites and Germany forum members
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